BNS Section 43 — Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property
Section 43 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 addresses “Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property”. Read the provision below with its qualifications, exceptions and chapter context; the official source is linked alongside it.
43. Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property.—The right of private defence of property,— ¶
(a) commences when a reasonable apprehension of danger to the property commences; ¶
(b) against theft continues till the offender has effected his retreat with the property or either the assistance of the public authorities is obtained, or the property has been recovered; ¶
(c) against robbery continues as long as the offender causes or attempts to cause to any person death or hurt or wrongful restraint or as long as the fear of instant death or of instant hurt or of instant personal restraint continues; ¶
(d) against criminal trespass or mischief continues as long as the offender continues in the commission of criminal trespass or mischief; ¶
(e) against house-breaking after sunset and before sunrise continues as long as the house-trespass which has been begun by such house-breaking continues. ¶
Source edition: 6 October 2025. This preview uses extracted India Code text. Editorial verification and checks for subsequent amendments and commencement notifications are pending. About the source →